Cardinal Lauds Africans for Family Values ahead of Synod, Acknowledges Communication Gap to Tell Africa’s Story
CANAA || By Fr. Don Bosco Onyalla, Nairobi || 24 September 2015
The Archbishop of Addis Ababa, Berhaneyesus D. Cardinal Souraphiel, has expressed appreciation for family values in Africa, citing the love for life among Africans as good reason for Bishops from Africa to speak with one authentic voice at the Synod on the Family scheduled to start at the Vatican on October 4.
“Others want to speak for Africa,” Cardinal Souraphiel told CANAA in an exclusive interview on Thursday, adding, “Some say Africa should do this and should do that. I think Africans have reached the level that on various issues they can speak their own views.”
He however recognized the communication gap in bringing out the African voice at the Synod and expressed the hope that some media from Africa will be at the Vatican to facilitate the telling of Africa’s story.
“Indeed, at the Synod, we are dominated,” Cardinal Souraphiel admitted and added, “I am hoping that at this coming Synod, the media (from Africa) will be represented.”
Cardinal Souraphiel is in Nairobi as Chairman of the Executive Board of the Association of Member Episcopal Conferences in Eastern Africa (AMECEA), which concluded its two-day meeting on Thursday.
In his capacity as the Chancellor of the Catholic University of Eastern Africa (CUEA), the Cardinal will be presiding over the University’s 32nd Graduation on Friday, October 2, before leaving for the Vatican.
Below is the full text of Cardinal Souraphiel’s interview with CANAA in which he also describes same-sex unions as “a very new phenomenon” and “a non-issue” in Africa.
CANAA: In just over a week, the long-awaited Synod on the Family will kick off at the Vatican. From the Oriental Catholic Churches, the Holy Father very recently appointed you and Archbishop Menghesteab Tesfamarian, metropolitan of Asmara, to take part, among a diverse group of prelates from Europe and Africa. What do you look forward to as you prepare to be part of this Synod?
Cardinal Souraphiel: Yes, the Synod is coming. The Holy Father has called this Synod of Bishops, not just on the family in general, but on the vocation of the family and on the mission of the family. On the vocation of the family, we can make reference to the Catechism of the Catholic Church about what marriage is, what family is, who children are as gift of God, the indissolubility of Catholic marriages, all these based on the teaching of the Gospel, the teaching of Christ.
There will be reflections on the reality of Catholic families built on the Sacrament of Matrimony in terms of their mission in the world. Their (Catholic families) mission is essentially the protection of life, the protection of Catholic values, and the proclamation of the Gospel in general.
Looking at the reality of families here in Africa and elsewhere, we have families in difficulties: families that have experienced divorce, entered into second marriages and so on. These will be some of the pastoral challenges that will be presented (at the Synod). Whenever couples divorce, it affects family, it affects children, and it affects society as well as the persons themselves. There will be experts telling us about such situations and the studies they have made in this regard.
There will also be many married persons from different parts of the world who will be expressing these difficulties. The Holy Father has been emphasizing not only children, youth, husband and wife, the newlyweds, but also the elders, the grandparents, who are also part of the family. So the family is a big institution, not just limited to husband and wife. These are the issues we look forward to addressing at the Synod.
CANAA: Mentioning the challenges the family faces in the modern world, do you foresee realistic solutions to these challenges?
Cardinal Souraphiel: There might not be some solutions for the various issues. But some of the issues that have been raised before during the extra-ordinary Synod will be reflected now seriously during the Synod. And later on, the Holy Father will come out with (an) exhortation, which will be in the form of pastoral guidelines for strengthening the Christian family in the world.
We have the issue, for instance, of polygamous families in Africa and the Church’s position of marriage between one man and one woman. These are pastoral problems, which priests, religious, Bishops, and also Conferences (Bishops’) are studying and reflecting together with these families to see how best this (family) institution becomes a source, not of intrigues and of hatred and of jealousies, but of love.
CANAA: The possibility of Africa speaking with one voice is a concern that has been voiced from different quarters. More specifically, however, the Vatican-based Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and Discipline of the Sacraments, Robert Cardinal Sarah, in June, asked Church leaders in Africa to put together their deliberations on the marriage institution and to speak with one credible voice at the Synod. You were present at that meeting in Accra, Ghana. Do you see this happening?
Cardinal Souraphiel: I think so because Africa is a big continent and a special continent. We can recall the visit of Pope (Emeritus) Benedict (XVI) in Cotonou, Benin, when he called Africa “the spiritual lung” and that Africa has traditional values like standing for life, and encouraged Africa to continue doing so.
So, Africa is not just a place where values are thrown out at and that Africa is just taking whatever comes from whichever direction. Africa has its own values, its own culture and traditions. So yes, Africa can speak with African voice.
During the SECAM meeting in Accra (June 8-11, 2015), Africa speaking with one voice at the Synod was reflected upon. Others want to speak for Africa. And some say Africa should do this and should do that. I think Africans have reached the level that on various issues they can speak their own views.
One of the greatest emphasis (at the Accra Consultative Meeting) was that Africans love life. In whatever society you go, in the traditional African religions, in polygamous families, in cities, in modern families, we see that Africans love life and they stand for life. The culture of anti-life, the culture of death, is something which Africans do not accept. What is positive in life, the Africans want to strengthen.
In the old days, there were no borders in Africa. There is (in Africa) the sense of hospitality. When you receive a guest, you receive him as God’s messenger. You give him time, you give him food, and only after two days or so you ask him about what he is doing. First, you give him the necessities of life, all because they (Africans) stand for life. Now there are these borders, but even with that, we have now a lot of migrants of youth going from South to North, from North to South, East ,West, still Africans are very humane to people, and this can only be (best) spoken and expressed by Africans themselves.
CANAA: There is no doubt that in its traditional setting, Africa had all these values you have highlighted. There are many places on the continent where these values are still cherished, despite imperfections. Looking back at the last Synod on the family, the issue of same-sex unions came out prominently and put on the level of human rights in other related forums. What are your views about this topic, ahead of the Synod on the family?
Cardinal Souraphiel: For the African society, this is a very new phenomenon. And as was put recently here in Kenya by the President, that this is not an issue for us, for Africa it is a non-issue, because Africa has so many other issues, which are really top priorities. First is, for example, poverty. Because of poverty and related to it, we lack education, we lack health, we lack social services.
So, how to provide these basic needs so that the African could have at least the three meals a day (becomes a priority). For example, agricultural improvement is a priority. Others have surpassed all these needs and for them this is not an issue. For us, this is a life-and-death issue. Take this example, before child reaches five years, he (or she) has to pass through lots of dangers. And if he (or she) passes five years, then he (or she) can live until fifty and above. The first five years are very critical. You have to provide vaccinations, deal with malnutrition, and to give clean water. We are in this process.
So, the issue of same-sex union is not an issue for us. So, we don’t speak about it. And also taking the Ethiopian context, when religious leaders discussed this (same-sex unions) together with the faithful, among them Christians, Muslims, we said that this is not an issue for us and we do not want these tendencies to be imposed on our societies. They are mostly foreign-dominated media, which are imposing this and looking at them as human rights.
Many international companies come and take resources of Africa. When we speak about that and say is that not human rights, they (media) don’t speak about it. But they (the media) speak about this issue of same-sex union as human rights. And some organizations, including United Nations Organizations, say, unless you admit that this same-sex union is a human rights issue, we don’t give you funds. They tie funds with accepting this issue as human rights.
In our meeting hall as religious leaders in Ethiopia, we said, we don’t need your money. Keep your money. We want to have our values. Even if we are poor, we have values. And even if we are poor, we have our dignity. So, we want to express it that way so that African values are not for sale.
CANAA: Speaking about the media, one of the gaps at the last Synod for the Church in Africa was that of communication. There was not a single professional journalist from Africa (native to an African country) covering the Synod. All the African communicators there were working for Western-based media like the Vatican Radio and other international news services. I am afraid the same might be the case at this coming Synod, namely, the lack of a single professional African journalist who lives and works in Africa and would come back to Africa after the synod to help tell Africa’s story. As a result, the African voice will not be heard and the cry of dominance by others will be louder. Don’t you think so?
Cardinal Souraphiel: Indeed, at the Synod, we are dominated. But being dominated and not having the means does not mean they are right. They are not right. When we come back here (to Africa), we shall speak in our own small ways, whether we employ the traditional ways or other, we will do.
I am hoping that at this coming Synod, the media (from Africa) will be represented. This is a challenge for the media in Africa. There are many communication experts in Africa who can represent Africa and who can be voices of Africa. CANAA is invited to the Synod. We want to invite all our African media experts and personnel because they are our voice.
CANAA: There has also been a concern about the role of women, a significant population making up more than half of religious and believers, at the forthcoming Synod. The Holy Father appointed 30 women as auditors, only four of them from Africa. There have been weighty concerns revolving around the extraordinarily few women given the numbers invited to the Synod and the exclusion of half of humanity and its experience in the synod's discussions considering that only the 279 male members of the meetings can vote. How would you react to these concerns?
Cardinal Souraphiel: The Holy Father has selected some members to take part in the Synod, but others will go as ex-officio, like Presidents of the Conferences (Bishops’) and other experts, who are not just limited to Catholics, but also to other Christian denominations. When the Holy Father makes such (wide) invitations, it shows how seriously he is considering the whole Synod.
The Synod is not just called for the sake of having a Synod. It is something that has to offer some hope, some new ways of looking at old issues. The family is such a sensitive cell of society and of the Church that he (the Holy Father) wants it shared all over the world.
However, the full name of the Synod is the Synod of Bishops. Also the Secretariat works with the given Decree of Vatican II when the Synod of Bishops was established. So, it is only the Bishops who give their voice, not even the fraternal delegates say from the Orthodox Church, Lutherans, Methodist, or other Churches (will be voting). They don’t give their voices.
Experts come to help the Bishops in their discussions. Among these experts will be men and women, brothers, some Superiors General, they come, but they don’t vote. They are invited for their expertise, and when they are asked to give their views especially during the small group discussions, they give. But the final voice, the final decision is of the Bishops, because it is the Synod of Bishops.
CANAA: Would you be having any additional message with regard to the forthcoming Synod?
Cardinal Souraphiel: I would like to address Catholic families in Africa and Catholics in general. The Synod on the family is a special Synod because we all love our families. We all have parents and grandparents, brothers and sisters. The teaching of our Lord Jesus Christ will not change. The values that he (Jesus) has given to Matrimony, will not change. Of course, there are challenges. But, these challenges need not only human solutions and proposals, but also and above all, they need the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ.
When a couple marry, it is not just the young man and the young woman who marry, but there is also Jesus in their midst. Therefore, it is prayer which strengthens and solidifies the family. It is also prayer which gives fruit in the family of having children and also love and compassion for each other and for the other families.
So, I would ask especially Catholic families to pray for this coming Synod. The whole world at this moment is looking at the Pope Francis saying, he is a humble, simple Pope, close to the people, he is compassionate, not condemning anybody, he is merciful. This shows that the world wants a moral voice. I don’t know if the Holy Father can be. We have to pray for him. In other societies, there are so many ethical and moral confusions. We hope that the Holy Father will get the inspiration of the Holy Spirit and the prayers of the over 1 billion Catholics all the world that he will be able to guide the Catholic Church in this particular stage of its history.